前面发了几篇学习笔记,但是看这些东西总是感觉很"玄乎",来一篇实战的东西来揭一下"JVM"的面纱,让"SSH"时代的童鞋们来熟悉一下Java的"老祖爷"JVM。由于自己的水平有限,所以大家在看过程中发了什么问题,或者您有什么疑问请及时提出来,我及时解决。如果您有什么建议,那么更好大家一块讨论。

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1、源码文件
- public class LearningClassFile {
 - //普通变量
 - private int id1;
 - //静态变量
 - private static int id2;
 - //常量
 - private final int id3 = 4;
 - //静态常量
 - private static final int id4 = 5;
 - public LearningClassFile() {
 - }
 - public LearningClassFile(int id1, int id2) {
 - this.id1 = id1;
 - this.id2 = id2;
 - }
 - //使用public修饰的addPub方法
 - public void addPub(int a, int b) {
 - int result = a + b;
 - System.out.println(result);
 - }
 - //使用private修饰的addPri方法
 - private void addPri(int a, int b) {
 - int result = a + b;
 - System.out.println(result);
 - }
 - //使用static修饰的方法
 - public static void addSta() {
 - int result = id2 + id4;
 - System.out.println(result);
 - }
 - public static final void addFinal(int a, int b) {
 - int result = a + b;
 - System.out.println(result);
 - }
 - public static void main(String[] args) {
 - LearningClassFile lcf = new LearningClassFile(1, 2);
 - lcf.addPub(1, 2);
 - lcf.addPri(1, 2);
 - addSta();
 - addFinal(1, 2);
 - }
 - }
 
Class文件:
- Compiled from "LearningClassFile.java"
 - public class LearningClassFile extends java.lang.Object
 - SourceFile: "LearningClassFile.java"
 - minor version: 0
 - major version: 50
 - //运行时常量池:用于存放编译期生成的各种字面量和符号引用。
 - Constant pool:
 - //从父类Object继承的默认构造方法
 - //观察该方法的特征:无参,返回类型void
 - const #1 = Method #13.#35; // java/lang/Object."
 ":()V - //常量id3
 - //"#7.#36; // LearningClassFile.id3:I"
 - //#7:查找常量池中的类名LearningClassFile
 - //#36-->"const #36 = NameAndType #17:#15;// id3:I"
 - //NameAndType字面的意思是名称和类型。即id3是变量的名称,I表示id3是int类型
 - //综合描述:LearningClassFile中的id3是int类型
 - const #2 = Field #7.#36; // LearningClassFile.id3:I
 - const #3 = Field #7.#37; // LearningClassFile.id1:I
 - const #4 = Field #7.#38; // LearningClassFile.id2:I
 - //将System的out存储至常量池
 - //System类中out被public static final修饰的
 - //"public final static PrintStream out = nullPrintStream();"
 - //综合描述:System类的out属性是PrintStream类型
 - const #5 = Field #39.#40; // java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintS
 - tream;
 - //将PrintStream的Println()方法存储至常量池
 - //该方法的参数为I,返回值为void
 - const #6 = Method #41.#42; // java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
 - //类LearningClassFIle
 - const #7 = class #43; // LearningClassFile
 - //构造函数
 - //该构造函数需传入两个int类型的变量
 - const #8 = Method #7.#44; // LearningClassFile."
 ":(II)V - //LearningClassFile的addPub方法
 - //#4-->"const #45 = NameAndType #27:#26;// addPub:(II)V"
 - //#27-->"const #27 = Asciz addPub;" 方法的名称为:addPub
 - //#26-->"const #26 = Asciz (II)V;" 方法的类型:两个int类型的参数,返回类型为void
 - const #9 = Method #7.#45; // LearningClassFile.addPub:(II)V
 - const #10 = Method #7.#46; // LearningClassFile.addPri:(II)V
 - const #11 = Method #7.#47; // LearningClassFile.addSta:()V
 - const #12 = Method #7.#48; // LearningClassFile.addFinal:(II)V
 - const #13 = class #49; // java/lang/Object
 - const #14 = Asciz id1;
 - const #15 = Asciz I;
 - const #16 = Asciz id2;
 - const #17 = Asciz id3;
 - //ConstantValue属性表示一个常量字段的值
 - //即final修饰的属性
 - const #18 = Asciz ConstantValue;
 - //对于final修饰的常量直接将类型和值存入常量池
 - const #19 = int 4;
 - const #20 = Asciz id4;
 - const #21 = int 5;
 - const #22 = Asciz
 ; - const #23 = Asciz ()V;
 - //Code属性只为***一个方法、实例类初始化方法或类初始化方法保存Java虚拟机指令及相关辅助信息
 - //简而言之:保存方法编译后的指令信息
 - const #24 = Asciz Code;
 - //java源码行号与编译后的字节码指令的对应表
 - const #25 = Asciz LineNumberTable;
 - const #26 = Asciz (II)V;
 - const #27 = Asciz addPub;
 - const #28 = Asciz addPri;
 - const #29 = Asciz addSta;
 - const #30 = Asciz addFinal;
 - const #31 = Asciz main;
 - const #32 = Asciz ([Ljava/lang/String;)V;
 - //java 源码文件
 - const #33 = Asciz SourceFile;
 - const #34 = Asciz LearningClassFile.java;
 - const #35 = NameAndType #22:#23;// "
 ":()V - const #36 = NameAndType #17:#15;// id3:I
 - const #37 = NameAndType #14:#15;// id1:I
 - const #38 = NameAndType #16:#15;// id2:I
 - const #39 = class #50; // java/lang/System
 - const #40 = NameAndType #51:#52;// out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
 - const #41 = class #53; // java/io/PrintStream
 - const #42 = NameAndType #54:#55;// println:(I)V
 - const #43 = Asciz LearningClassFile;
 - const #44 = NameAndType #22:#26;// "
 ":(II)V - const #45 = NameAndType #27:#26;// addPub:(II)V
 - const #46 = NameAndType #28:#26;// addPri:(II)V
 - const #47 = NameAndType #29:#23;// addSta:()V
 - const #48 = NameAndType #30:#26;// addFinal:(II)V
 - const #49 = Asciz java/lang/Object;
 - const #50 = Asciz java/lang/System;
 - const #51 = Asciz out;
 - const #52 = Asciz Ljava/io/PrintStream;;
 - const #53 = Asciz java/io/PrintStream;
 - const #54 = Asciz println;
 - const #55 = Asciz (I)V;
 - {
 - //默认构造方法
 - public LearningClassFile();
 - Code:
 - Stack=2, Locals=1, Args_size=1
 - 0: aload_0
 - 1: invokespecial #1; //Method java/lang/Object."
 ":()V - //将id3的引用推送至栈顶
 - 4: aload_0
 - //将4推送至栈顶
 - 5: iconst_4
 - //将4赋值给id3
 - 6: putfield #2; //Field id3:I
 - 9: return
 - LineNumberTable:
 - line 11: 0 //public LearningClassFile() {
 - //对于final类型的实例变量在每个构造方法中都会进行一次初始化。
 - line 7: 4 // private final int id3 = 4;
 - line 12: 9 //}
 - public LearningClassFile(int, int);
 - Code:
 - Stack=2, Locals=3, Args_size=3
 - 0: aload_0
 - 1: invokespecial #1; //Method java/lang/Object."
 ":()V - 4: aload_0
 - 5: iconst_4
 - 6: putfield #2; //Field id3:I
 - 9: aload_0
 - 10: iload_1
 - 11: putfield #3; //Field id1:I
 - 14: aload_0
 - 15: pop
 - 16: iload_2
 - 17: putstatic #4; //Field id2:I
 - 20: return
 - LineNumberTable:
 - line 14: 0 //public LearningClassFile(int id1, int id2) {
 - //对于final类型的实例变量在每个构造方法中都会进行一次初始化。
 - line 7: 4 // private final int id3 = 4;
 - line 15: 9 // this.id1 = id1;
 - line 16: 14 // this.id2 = id2;
 - line 17: 20 //}
 - public void addPub(int, int);
 - Code:
 - Stack=2, Locals=4, Args_size=3
 - 0: iload_1
 - 1: iload_2
 - 2: iadd
 - 3: istore_3
 - 4: getstatic #5; //Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
 - 7: iload_3
 - 8: invokevirtual #6; //Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
 - 11: return
 - LineNumberTable:
 - line 21: 0 // int result = a + b;
 - line 22: 4 // System.out.println(result);
 - line 23: 11 // }
 - public static void addSta();
 - Code:
 - Stack=2, Locals=1, Args_size=0
 - //获取静态变量id2推送至栈顶
 - 0: getstatic #4; //Field id2:I
 - //直接从常量池中取出id4的值5推送至栈顶
 - 3: iconst_5
 - //执行相加操作
 - 4: iadd
 - //将计算结果推送至栈顶
 - 5: istore_0
 - //获取静态与out
 - 6: getstatic #5; //Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
 - //取出计算结果
 - 9: iload_0
 - //调用println方法
 - 10: invokevirtual #6; //Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
 - //方法正常结束
 - 13: return
 - LineNumberTable:
 - line 33: 0 // int result = id2 + id4;
 - line 34: 6 // System.out.println(result);
 - line 35: 13 //}
 - public static final void addFinal(int, int);
 - Code:
 - Stack=2, Locals=3, Args_size=2
 - 0: iload_0
 - 1: iload_1
 - 2: iadd
 - 3: istore_2
 - 4: getstatic #5; //Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
 - 7: iload_2
 - 8: invokevirtual #6; //Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V
 - 11: return
 - LineNumberTable:
 - line 38: 0
 - line 39: 4
 - line 40: 11
 - public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
 - Code:
 - Stack=4, Locals=2, Args_size=1
 - //创建一个LearningClassFile对象,并将对象的引用推送至栈顶
 - 0: new #7; //class LearningClassFile
 - //将对象的引用进行备份推送至栈顶
 - //使用原有的引用值调用实例方法,现在置于栈顶的引用值的位置将被接下来的操作覆盖。
 - 3: dup
 - //将构造函数中的参数1推送至栈顶
 - 4: iconst_1
 - 5: iconst_2
 - //执行构造方法
 - 6: invokespecial #8; //Method "
 ":(II)V - //将栈顶引用型数值存入第二个本地变量
 - 9: astore_1
 - 10: aload_1
 - 11: iconst_1
 - 12: iconst_2
 - //调用实例方法
 - 13: invokevirtual #9; //Method addPub:(II)V
 - 16: aload_1
 - 17: iconst_1
 - 18: iconst_2
 - 19: invokespecial #10; //Method addPri:(II)V
 - //调用静态方法
 - 22: invokestatic #11; //Method addSta:()V
 - 25: iconst_1
 - 26: iconst_2
 - 27: invokestatic #12; //Method addFinal:(II)V
 - 30: return
 - LineNumberTable:
 - line 43: 0 // LearningClassFile lcf = new LearningClassFile(1, 2);
 - line 44: 10 // lcf.addPub(1, 2);
 - line 45: 16 // lcf.addPri(1, 2);
 - line 46: 22 // addSta();
 - line 47: 25 // addFinal(1, 2);
 - line 48: 30 //}
 - }
 
final变量和static final变量的区别:
(1)实例常量和类常量的区别
(2)初识方式不同:从class字节码来看final修饰的变量会出现在每个构造方法中进行一次初始化;static final类型的变量必须在定义的时候进行初始化。 理解"编译期可知,运行期不变": 编译器可确定调用方法的版本,符合这个标准的方法主要有两种:私有方法,静态方法。
详情请看:深入理解JVM读书笔记--字节码执行引擎。
2、final变量和static final变量的区别:
(1)实例常量和类常量的区别
(2)初始化方式不同:从class字节码来看final修饰的变量会出现在每个构造方法中进行一次初始化;static final类型的变量必须在定义的时候进行初始化。
3、理解"编译期可知,运行期不变":
编译器可确定调用方法的版本,符合这个标准的方法主要有两种:私有方法,静态方法。
                新闻标题:深入Java虚拟机:Class文件实例解析
                
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